appointments

英 /əˈpɔɪntmənts/美 /əˈpɔɪntmənts/

n. 名词

任命;约会;设备;职位

词义说明

appointments 是 appointment 的复数形式,核心含义包括:1)任命、委派,指某人对职位或职务的正式指定,如“the appointment of a new director”;2)约会、预约,指事先安排好的会面,如“make an appointment with the doctor”;3)设备、家具(常用复数),指房间或建筑内的陈设,如“the appointments of the hotel room”;4)职位、职务(正式),指被任命的职位,如“hold an appointment at the university”。引申关系:本义为“指定、安排”,由此引申出“任命”和“约会”,再引申为“被指定的职位”以及“配置的设施”等义。

词源解析

appointment 源于古法语 apointement,由动词 apointer(意为“整理、安排”)演变而来,其词根为 a-(朝向)+ point(点、指向),字面意思为“指向某处”,引申为“确定、约定”。后缀 -ment 表示行为的结果或状态。因此,appointment 本义为“指定、约定”,后引申出“任命”“约会”等义。记忆时可将 appoint(指定)+ -ment(名词后缀)联想为“被指定的结果”。

使用场景

appointments 在不同场合有不同用法。在商务邮件中,常指会议或约见,如“schedule appointments”;在学术或正式写作中,可指职位或任命,如“faculty appointments”;在新闻报道中,常涉及政治任命,如“cabinet appointments”;在法律文本中,指法定任命或指定,如“letters of appointment”;在日常口语中,常指医生、理发等预约,如“I have a dentist appointment”;在文学作品或历史描述中,可指房间的家具陈设,如“the appointments of the palace”。各场景下语气均为中性,正式程度略有差异。

语法要点

appointments 作为可数名词复数,常与 make, have, keep, cancel, reschedule 等动词搭配。常见句型:make an appointment with sb.(与某人预约);appointment to sth.(任命为某职位);appointment as sth.(任命为某角色)。易错点:① 当表示“预约”时,常与介词 with 连用,如“an appointment with the doctor”;② 表示“任命”时,常与 to 或 as 连用,如“appointment to the board”;③ 注意区分单复数,泛指预约或任命时常用复数,如“I have several appointments today”。

近义辨析

appointments 与 meeting, date, engagement 等词相近,但存在差别:meeting 泛指任何形式的会面,不强调正式约定;date 多指社交或浪漫约会;engagement 更正式,常指商务或社交约定;appointment 则强调经过安排的、正式的会面,尤指与专业人士(如医生、律师)的预约。在“任命”义上,appointment 与 designation, nomination 相近:designation 更强调指定,nomination 指提名,而 appointment 指正式任命。选择时,根据语境和正式程度取舍。

注意事项

appointments 为中性词,无褒贬色彩。语域上,在正式场合(如商务、法律)使用较多,日常口语中也很常见。常见误用:① 将 appointment 与 date 混用,在商务场合用 date 可能显得随意;② 将 appointments 当作不可数名词,但实际是可数名词;③ 在表示“任命”时,误用介词 of,如“appointment of the manager”虽可,但更常见的是“appointment as manager”;④ 注意拼写,勿与 appointment 混淆。

高频搭配

make an appointment
预约
keep an appointment
守约
cancel an appointment
取消预约
reschedule an appointment
改期
appointment to a post
任命到某职位
appointment as manager
任命为经理
appointment book
预约簿
appointment secretary
负责预约的秘书

句子示例

She has several appointments at the hospital today.她今天在医院有几个预约。
The board approved the appointments of three new directors.董事会批准了三位新董事的任命。
Please cancel my appointment with the dentist; I'm feeling better.请取消我和牙医的预约,我感觉好多了。
The presidential appointments require Senate confirmation.总统任命需要参议院确认。
The hotel room was elegant, with luxurious appointments.酒店房间典雅,陈设豪华。
He holds an appointment as professor of linguistics.他担任语言学教授一职。

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